Épigallocatéchine-gallate

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Nom de la substance

Épigallocatéchine-gallate, (-)-épigallocatéchine-3-O-gallate, EGCG

Famille moléculaire

Polyphénol, polymère de flavonoïdes, famille des catéchines (gallocatéchines)

Source végétale

Propriétés

  • Réduit le stress oxydatif, l'inflammation, l'athérogénèse et la mutagénèse
  • Une prise unique de 300 mg d'EGCG réduit le stress perçu et améliore l'attention cérébrale [1], améliore la fonction cognitive [2], avec d'autres composants (l-théanine, caféine]]) [3], [4]
  • Anti-allergique [5], protège de l'asthme induit par le toluène [6]
  • Anti-obésité, réduit la masse des adipocytes [7], inhibition de la lipase pancréatique [8]
  • Diminue l'infectiosité du VIH en ciblant les fibrilles PAP248-286 qui favorisent son pouvoir infectant [9]
  • Restaure l'activité de certains antibiotiques (des béta-lactamines vis-à-vis de Staphylococcus aureus résistants à la méthicilline) [10], comme certains de ses dérivés (théasinensine A) [11]
  • Adjuvant dans le traitement de divers cancers [12], [13], [14]

Effet thérapeutique

  • Protection vis-à-vis du cancer
  • Protection de la cellule cérébrale, potentialités dans la maladie de Parkinson [15], [16]
  • Les gallocatéchines (-)-épigallocatéchine (EGC) et (-)-épigallocatéchine-3-O-gallate (EGCG) sont des inhibiteurs de l’enzyme Dopa-décarboxylase et peuvent améliorer l’efficacité de la l-dopa dans la maladie de Parkinson [17], [18]
  • Protection cardio-vasculaire
  • Protection vis-à-vis du syndrome métabolique et diminution de la résistance à l'insuline, obésité [19], [20]
  • Effet protecteur sur la néphropathie obstructive chez le rat, par effet antioxydant [21]

Effets indésirables

Bibliographie

  1. ↑ Scholey, A., Downey, L. A., Ciorciari, J., Pipingas, A., Nolidin, K., Finn, M., Wines, M., Catchlove, S., Terrens, A., Barlow, E., Gordon, L., & Stough, C. (2012). Acute neurocognitive effects of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). Appetite, 58(2), 767–770. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2011.11.016 PMID 22127270
  2. ↑ Wightman EL, Haskell CF, Forster JS, Veasey RC, Kennedy DO. Epigallocatechin gallate, cerebral blood flow parameters, cognitive performance and mood in healthy humans: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover investigation. Hum Psychopharmacol. 2012 Mar;27(2):177-86. doi: 10.1002/hup.1263. PMID 22389082
  3. ↑ Camfield DA, Stough C, Farrimond J, Scholey AB. Acute effects of tea constituents L-theanine, caffeine, and epigallocatechin gallate on cognitive function and mood: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Rev. 2014 Aug;72(8):507-22. doi: 10.1111/nure.12120. PMID 24946991
  4. ↑ Lee JW, Lee YK, Ban JO, Ha TY, Yun YP, Han SB, Oh KW, Hong JT. Green tea (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits beta-amyloid-induced cognitive dysfunction through modification of secretase activity via inhibition of ERK and NF-kappaB pathways in mice. J Nutr. 2009 Oct;139(10):1987-93. doi: 10.3945/jn.109.109785. PMID 19656855
  5. ↑ Bani D, Giannini L, Ciampa A, Masini E, Suzuki Y, Menegazzi M, Nistri S, Suzuki H. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate reduces allergen-induced asthma-like reaction in sensitized guinea pigs. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2006 Jun;317(3):1002-11. PMID 16525038
  6. ↑ Kim SH, Park HJ, Lee CM, Choi IW, Moon DO, Roh HJ, Lee HK, Park YM. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate protects toluene diisocyanate-induced airway inflammation in a murine model of asthma. FEBS Lett. 2006 Mar 20;580(7):1883-90. PMID 16516891
  7. ↑ Lee MS, Kim CT, Kim Y. Green tea (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate reduces body weight with regulation of multiple genes expression in adipose tissue of diet-induced obese mice. Ann Nutr Metab. 2009;54(2):151-7. PMID 19390166
  8. ↑ Grove KA, Sae-tan S, Kennett MJ, Lambert JD. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits pancreatic lipase and reduces body weight gain in high fat-fed obese mice. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2012 Nov;20(11):2311-3. PMID 21633405
  9. ↑ La piste d'un microbicide vaginal. Un extrait du thé vert prometteur contre le VIH. Quotidien du Médecin, N° 8573, mardi 19 mai 2009
  10. ↑ Zhao WH, Hu ZQ, Okubo S, Hara Y, Shimamura T. Mechanism of synergy between epigallocatechin gallate and beta-lactams against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2001 Jun;45(6):1737-42. PMID 11353619. Texte intégral : [1]
  11. ↑ Hatano T, Kusuda M, Hori M, Shiota S, Tsuchiya T, Yoshida T. Theasinensin A, a tea polyphenol formed from (-)-epigallocatechin gallate, suppresses antibiotic resistance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Planta Med. 2003 Nov;69(11):984-9. PMID 14735433
  12. ↑ Gupta S, Hastak K, Ahmad N, Lewin JS, and Mukhtar H. Inhibition of prostate carcinogenesis in TRAMP mice by oral infusion of green tea polyphenols. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 August 28; 98(18): 10350–10355.
  13. ↑ Surh Y-J. Cancer chemoprevention with dietary phytochemicals. Nature Reviews of Cancer. 2003;3:768-780.
  14. ↑ Lin C, Shen Y, Hung P, Yu Y, Chen Y. Epigallocathechin gallate, polyphenol present in green tea, inhibits stem-like characteristics and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in nasopharyngeal cancer cell lines. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2012, 12:201 (30 October 2012) Abstract Provisional PDF
  15. ↑ Bieschke J, Russ J, Friedrich RP, Ehrnhoefer DE, Wobst H, Neugebauer K, Wanker EE. EGCG remodels mature alpha-synuclein and amyloid-beta fibrils and reduces cellular toxicity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Apr 27;107(17):7710-5. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0910723107. PMID 20385841 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2867908/pdf/pnas.0910723107.pdf
  16. ↑ Caruana M, Högen T, Levin J, Hillmer A, Giese A, Vassallo N. Inhibition and disaggregation of α-synuclein oligomers by natural polyphenolic compounds. FEBS Lett. 2011 Apr 20;585(8):1113-20. doi: 10.1016/j.febslet.2011.03.046. PMID 21443877
  17. ↑ Bertoldi M, Gonsalvi M, Voltattorni CB. Green tea polyphenols: novel irreversible inhibitors of dopa decarboxylase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2001 Jun 1;284(1):90-3. PMID 11374875
  18. ↑ Ruiz-Pérez MV, Pino-Ángeles A, Medina MA, Sánchez-Jiménez F, Moya-García AA. Structural perspective on the direct inhibition mechanism of EGCG on mammalian histidine decarboxylase and DOPA decarboxylase. J Chem Inf Model. 2012 Jan 23;52(1):113-9. doi: 10.1021/ci200221z. PMID 22107329
  19. ↑ Moon HS, Lee HG, Choi YJ, Kim TG, Cho CS. Proposed mechanisms of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate for anti-obesity. Chem Biol Interact. 2007 Apr 25;167(2):85-98. PMID 17368440
  20. ↑ Tsuneki H. et al., Effect of green tea on blood glucose levels and serum proteomic patterns in diabetic mice and on glucose metabolism in healthy human, BMC Pharmacol., 2004 Aug 26, 4(1):18.
  21. ↑ Zhou P, Yu JF, Zhao CG, Sui FX, Teng X, Wu YB. Therapeutic potential of EGCG on acute renal damage in a rat model of obstructive nephropathy. Mol Med Rep. 2013 Apr;7(4):1096-102. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2013.1296. PMID 23358654
  • Shimizu M, Shirakami Y, and Moriwaki H. Targeting Receptor Tyrosine Kinases for Chemoprevention by Green Tea Catechin, EGCG. Int J Mol Sci. 2008 June; 9(6): 1034–1049.
  • Lu Yao-Ping, ET ALL. Topical applications of caffeine or (−)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) inhibit carcinogenesis and selectively increase apoptosis in UVB-induced skin tumors in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 September 17; 99(19): 12455–12460.
  • Wang C-Z, Mehendale S R., Yuan C-S. Commonly Used Antioxidant Botanicals: Active Constituents and their Potential Role in Cardiovascular Illness. Am J Chin Med. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2009 March 18.
  • Ouyang P. et al., Grean tea polyphenols inhibit low density lipoprotein-induced proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells, Di Yi Jun Yi Da Xue Xue Bao, 2004 Sep, 24(9):975-9.
  • Müller J, Pfaffl MW. Synergetic downregulation of 67 kDa laminin receptor by the green tea (Camellia sinensis) secondary plant compound epigallocatechin gallate: a new gateway in metastasis prevention? BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2012, 12:258 (18 December 2012) Abstract Provisional PDF
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